MECHANISMS OF THE KEEPING AND CHANGE OF FORMS AND SIZES OF THE CELL NUCLEI (REVIEW)

The size and shape of the cell nucleus are frequently used parameters in studies Russian foreign-states authors, not only as necessary for calculating nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio a ontogenesis, differentiation, pathological processes, but also having values such. However, discussions, two extreme points view expressed on value information about and, especially, nucleus. According to first point view, morphometry without measuring cytoplasm with subsequent calculation does make any sense, data obtained do carry significant information. Proponents second consider labile indicator morphological functional state cell, which change during normal aging, conditions, proliferation, gene expression, protein synthesis. In this regard, meta-analysis modern scientific literature devoted study mechanisms maintaining changing was carried out. were subjected an analytical order formulate explain structures, factors maintenance, changes size, Based analysis from sources, it can be confidently stated that amount DNA is factor determines its shape, structure modification chromatin affect nuclear morphology. It considered proven leading structures determine cytoskeleton, complex pores, lamina, endoplasmic reticulum, exchange osmolarity. Further affecting nucleus, establishing relationship between morphology processes occurring at tissue cellular levels, promises provide new approaches diagnosis, prevention treatment number diseases.